Thematic Clustering of Open Innovation Studies: Insights from a Systematic Review and Citation Mapping

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of management, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco

2 Department of Management, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco

Abstract

Since its introduction by Henry Chesbrough, open innovation (OI) has become a central topic in academic research. Challenging traditional closed models of innovation, OI emphasizes the value of leveraging knowledge from both inside and outside an organization. While widely adopted in practice, its theoretical foundations continue to be debated in the literature.
This paper examines the evolution of OI scholarship, identifying key themes and enduring gaps. It is based on a systematic review of 5,271 peer-reviewed articles published between 2003 and 2024 across 160 Scopus-indexed journals. Following PRISMA guidelines, the study uses bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, with topic mapping conducted via VOSviewer software (version 1.6.20).
The findings reveal a sharp rise in publications since 2014, confirming OI’s established role in innovation studies. Although research output remains concentrated in European and North American institutions, contributions from Asia and Oceania are growing steadily. Four major thematic clusters emerge: innovation management practices, digital transformation, public and policy engagement, and academic research methodologies—reflecting a field that is both maturing and expanding.
Nevertheless, significant gaps remain, particularly in case studies from emerging economies and in understanding the broader social implications of OI. Addressing these areas will be essential to enhance the relevance and applicability of open innovation in today’s technological and socio-economic landscape.

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